“The Military in Military Regimes: Performance-Sensitive Coup-Proofing and Limits to Regime Personalization in Turkey (1960-2007)"
This paper examines the role of competence and loyalty in officer selection and promotion following coups. Contrary to conventional wisdom, my analysis of about 17,000 officer promotions in Turkey from 1960 to 2007 shows that the link between academic performance and career advancement strengthened after military interventions. I argue that this pattern generally reflects military leaders’ concern for cohesion and a balance among competing military factions. I also suggest this volatile balance, in turn, limits the personalization of power and helps explain the fragility and shorter duration of military regimes emphasized in extant research.
“Fighting for and against the State: Pro-Government Kurdish Militias and Kurds' Violent Mobilization in Turkey "
This paper probes how the state’s reliance on local coethnic militias relates to ethnic integration of the armed forces and ethnic conflict. Connecting the Ottoman tribal cavalry regiments to the contemporary village guard system, the paper focuses primarily on the conflict with the PKK from 1984 to 2015. Drawing on an original subnational panel of militia, officer, and insurgent recruitment, I find that pro-government militia density is negatively associated with officer representation and positiviely associated with insurgent recruitment and ethnic violence. I suggest that while reliance on militias may provide security capacity in the short term, it limits integration into the regular military and intensifies violent ethnic mobilization.
"Networks of Merit and Trust: The Making of a Revolution"
"Political Timing and Distance: How Autocrats Balance Loyalty and Competence in the Military "
"Paradox of Norm Diffusion via Foreign Military Training: The Impact of US Military Training
on Turkey's Civil-Military Relations (1946-2015)"
“From Training Missions to Wartime Command Relations: German and U.S. Training in the Turkish Army"
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